Lawsuit Involving Source of Hepatitis Outbreak

Outbreak of Hepatitis A in a Region in Mazandaran Province

 Background and purpose: Acute viral hepatitis is one of the world's health problems today.  An outbreak of hepatitis A virus occurred in a rural area in ​​Mazandaran province, north of Iran, 2019. This research aimed at examining this outbreak in detail in order to study the epidemiological and economic burden, and the possible source of pollution. Materials and methods: This descriptive case...

Outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis involving multiple institutions.

Effect of Immune Pressure on Hepatitis C Virus Evolution: Insights From a Single-Source Outbreak

UNLABELLED The host's immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) can result in the selection of characteristic mutations (adaptations) that enable the virus to escape this response. The ability of the virus to mutate at these sites is dependent on the incoming virus, the fitness cost incurred by the mutation, and the benefit to the virus in escaping the response. Studies examining viral adaptat...

Divergent and convergent evolution after a common-source outbreak of hepatitis C virus

The genomic sequences of viruses that are highly mutable and cause chronic infection tend to diverge over time. We report that these changes represent both immune-driven selection and, in the absence of immune pressure, reversion toward an ancestral consensus. Sequence changes in hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural and nonstructural genes were studied in a cohort of women accidentally infected w...

Outbreak of acquired ocular toxoplasmosis involving 248 patients.

OBJECTIVE To describe the demographic profile and clinical and laboratory findings of 248 patients with acquired retinitis caused by systemic infection with toxoplasmosis in a presumed outbreak of the disease. DESIGN Retrospective observational case series. RESULTS Most patients (209) were residents of one city in Southern India. A total of 35 patients had a prodrome of fever, and 242 patie...